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Vessels detected from RF alone, against those also reporting AIS

Data

RF

Radio emitters detected and located from low Earth orbit: marine radar, satellite phones, satellite Earth stations and GNSS jammers.

Receive range, Gen 2
1–12 GHz
Accuracy
Down to 1 km
Receive range
1–12 GHzL to X band (Gen 2)
Geolocation
A single satellite
Revisit
Same area several times a day
Area per collection
300,000 km² average
Location accuracy
Down to 1 km
Conditions
Day and nightthrough cloud

Spectrum

Receive range against the emitters the operator names, at their allocated frequencies.

LSCX1 GHz2 GHz4 GHz8 GHz12 GHzUnseenlabs Gen 2GPS L1SatphonesS radarX radar
Frequency
Wavelength
Band
Named by

Geolocation

The multi-satellite method: one pulse reaches each receiver at a different time; each time difference is a hyperbola, and two cross at the emitter. Unseenlabs locates an emitter from a single satellite.

Ground track100 km123

Drag the emitter

Satellites
Δt, satellites 1–2
Δt, satellites 1–3
Error ellipse, 95%
Slant range

Generic multi-satellite case: flat ground, receivers at 500 km, time difference only. Unseenlabs geolocates from one satellite.

Operators

Rennes, France
Unseenlabs BRO satellite
Formation
None: each satellite locates alone
Fleet
23 deployed: BRO-1 to BRO-22, BRO-31 (Gen 2)
Receive range
Gen 2: 1–12 GHz, L to X band
Accuracy
Down to 1 km
Per collection
300,000 km² average, < 1 MB file
Revisit
Same area several times a day
Signals, Gen 2
GNSS jammers, satellite phones, satellite Earth stations, navigation and surveillance radars, cellular base stations
Founded
2015 · 140+ staff
Provider page →

Launches

One circle per satellite launched.

  • Unseenlabs23
20192020202120222023202420252026Unseenlabs
Vessels detected from RF alone, against those also reporting AIS

Detects

  • Vessels with AIS switched off or manipulated, from their radar and radio
  • GNSS jamming and interference, located to the source
  • Satellite phones and satellite Earth stations
  • Radars, satellite Earth stations and cellular base stations on land (Unseenlabs Gen 2)

Limits

  • Only what transmits: a silent emitter is not seen
  • A position with an error ellipse, not an image
  • Accuracy varies with signal type, duration and geometry

Data and services

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